Indian prime ministors

Prime Ministers

No.		Portrait	Name (Birth–Death); Constituency	CM	Term of office		Elections (Lok Sabha)	Political party (Alliance)			Refs
	1		Jawaharlal Nehru (1889–1964) MP for Phulpur	1	15 August 1947	27 May 1964 [†]	1952 (1st)		Indian National Congress		[32]
				2			1957 (2nd)
				3			1962 (3rd)
				Indo-Pakistani War of 1947; created Planning Commission of India and initiated Five-year plan to increase government investment in agriculture and industry; launched programmes to build irrigation canals, dams and spread the use of fertilizers to increase agricultural production; oversaw widespread poverty and unemployment, even with improvements in agriculture and infrastructure; oversaw establishment of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Indian Institutes of Technology and Indian Institutes of Management; criminalised caste discrimination and increased the legal rights and social freedoms of women; pioneered the policy of non-alignment and co-founded the Non-Aligned Movement; Sino-Indian War; signed the Indus Waters Treaty; granted asylum to the Dalai Lama; oversaw liberation of Goa.
	—		Gulzarilal Nanda[j] (1898–1998) MP for Sabarkantha	—	27 May 1964	9 June 1964	– (3rd)		Indian National Congress		[33]
				Served as caretaker Prime Minister until the election of Lal Bahadur Shastri.
	2		Lal Bahadur Shastri (1904–1966) MP for Allahabad	4	9 June 1964	11 January 1966 [†]	– (3rd)		Indian National Congress		[34]
				Indo-Pakistani War of 1965; pushed for Green Revolution in India and Operation Flood; The National Dairy Development Board was formed; died from a heart attack at a summit in Tashkent.
	—		Gulzarilal Nanda (1898–1998) MP for Sabarkantha	—	11 January 1966	24 January 1966	– (3rd)		Indian National Congress		[33]
				Served as caretaker Prime Minister once again, until Indira Gandhi was chosen as the new leader.
	3		Indira Gandhi (1917–1984) MP for Rae Bareli	5	24 January 1966	24 March 1977	– (3rd) 1967 (4th)		Indian National Congress		[35]
				6			1971 (5th)
				Nationalized banks; won the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, which resulted in the formation of Bangladesh; signed the Shimla Agreement; tested the first nuclear weapon with Smiling Buddha; initiated Green Revolution in India; imposed state of emergency 1975–1977.
	4		Morarji Desai (1896–1995) MP for Surat	7	24 March 1977	28 July 1979 [RES]	1977 (6th)		Janata Party		[36]
				Improved relations with Pakistan, China and the United States; softened its relationship with the Soviet Union; launched Sixth Five-Year Plan, aiming to boost agricultural production and rural industries; the plan proved unsuccessful leading to resurging inflation, fuel shortages, unemployment and poverty; lost many MPs from Janata Party, including his rival Charan Singh, which led to his resignation.
	5		Charan Singh (1902–1987) MP for Baghpat	8	28 July 1979	14 January 1980 [RES]	– (6th)		Janata Party (Secular) with Indian National Congress		[37]
				Initiated high level diplomatic relations with Israel; lost support of Congress, which led to his resignation without even a single session ofLok Sabha.
	(3)		Indira Gandhi (1917–1984) MP for Rae Bareli	9	14 January 1980 [§]	31 October 1984 [†]	1980 (7th)		Indian National Congress (Indira)		[38]
				Operation Blue Star, which subsequently led to her assassination.
	6		Rajiv Gandhi (1944–1991) MP for Amethi	10	31 October 1984	2 December 1989	1984 (8th)		Indian National Congress		[39]
				1984 anti-Sikh riots; significantly reduced License Raj; expanded telecommunications in India; signed the Indo-Sri Lanka Peace Accord;Bofors scandal; nullified the Supreme Court's judgement on Shah Bano case.
	7		V. P. Singh (1931–2008) MP for Fatehpur	11	2 December 1989	10 November 1990 [NC]	1989 (9th)		Janata Dal (National Front)		[40]
				Negotiated terrorist kidnapping of Mufti Mohammad Sayeed's daughter; visited Golden Temple to ask for forgiveness for Operation Bluestar; withdrew IPKF from Sri Lanka; initiated fixed quota/reservation for all public sector jobs as per recommendation from Mandal Commission; Ram Janmabhoomi agitation and subsequent loss of vote of no confidence because of it.
	8		Chandra Shekhar (1927–2007) MP for Ballia	12	10 November 1990	21 June 1991	– (9th)		Samajwadi Janata Party with Bharatiya Janata Party		[41]
				Resigned due to accusations of spying on former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, and subsequent withdrawal of Congress' support;Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi.
	9		P. V. Narasimha Rao (1921–2004) MP for Nandyal	13	21 June 1991	16 May 1996	1991 (10th)		Indian National Congress		[42]
				Initiated Economic liberalisation in India; SEBI Act 1992; formation of National Stock Exchange of India; 1993 Bombay bombings; introducedTADA; Demolition of Babri Masjid.
	10		Atal Bihari Vajpayee (1924– ) MP for Lucknow	14	16 May 1996	1 June 1996 [RES]	1996* (11th)		Bharatiya Janata Party		[43]
				*Hung parliament. Was in power for only 13 days, after BJP could not gather enough support from other parties to form a majority.
	11		H. D. Deve Gowda (1933– ) MP for Rajya Sabha	15	1 June 1996	21 April 1997 [RES]	1996* (11th)		Janata Dal (United Front)		[43]
				*Hung parliament. After a failed attempt of forming a BJP government, Congress refused to form a government and instead supported a minority United Front coalition led by Janata Dal. President of China Jiang Zemin begins the first visit by a Chinese head of state to India; initiates President's rule in Gujarat.
	12		Inder Kumar Gujral (1919–2012 ) MP (Rajya Sabha) for Bihar	16	21 April 1997	19 March 1998	– (11th)		Janata Dal (United Front)		[44]
				Fodder scam; Jain Commission.
	(10)		Atal Bihari Vajpayee (1924– ) MP for Lucknow	17	19 March 1998 [§]	22 May 2004	1998 (12th)		Bharatiya Janata Party (National Democratic Alliance)		[45]
				18			1999 (13th)
				Pokhran nuclear tests; Kargil War; National Highway Development Project; Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana; expanding ties with Israel;POTA; Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan; 2001 Indian Parliament attack and Operation Parakram;1999 Indian Airlines 814 Hijack :[46]; 2002 Gujarat violence; National Technical Research Organisation.
	13		Dr. Manmohan Singh (1932– ) MP (Rajya Sabha) for Assam	19	22 May 2004	Incumbent	2004 (14th)		Indian National Congress (United Progressive Alliance)		[47]
				20			2009 (15th)
				Indo-US civilian nuclear agreement; won the 2008 Lok Sabha vote of confidence; US $ 1 Trillion Economy milestone reached; expanding ties with Israel; Economic crisis of 2008; National Rural Employment Guarantee Act; Right to Information Act; National Rural Health Mission;Unique ID; 2008 Mumbai attacks and subsequent Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act; 2010 Commonwealth Games and related controversies; 2G spectrum scam; Right to Education Act;Anna Hazare's Jan Lokpal agitation; Coalgate.

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